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Note: Details of the topics are under construction
1. Kodungalloor - A survey of Toponymical archaeological and archival sources. Identification of Dutch Forts in collaboration with Dutch atchitechts 1995.
The most important treaties of AD.
1792 and 1806, the agreement signed by the original copies itself. There
Malayalam forms East India Company are the original copies itself. There
Malayalam forms are of immense value. These records were in duplicate, one of
the copies was kept with the Company and the other of the King. Contemporary
official accounts like the Dutch raide on
Cranganore in 1670 A.D. the defection of
Mangat Achan in 1752
A.D. the liason of the
Commandanta of Aliparampa and
Mapranam in 1762 AD, the Zamorins pilgrimage to
Cape Comorin and
According to K.V. Krishna Iyer a record dated 1760 AD is the earliest dated document in the Calicut Grandhavaris. But, now it is found that the other records of 1538 AD.and of 1525AD are the earliest ones. One of them describes the funeral ceremony of Ernad Elamkurnampiyatiri or Eralpad, who died at Kuruvayoorvattom during that period. In later times the palace came to be called Punnathur Koovilakam. Punnattur was one of the feudatories of Zamorins. The place Kuruvayoor vattom is the famous Guruvayoor, the pilgrim centre. It has to be observed that the name of the place had not changed to Guruvayoor at that time. It may indicate the evolution of Guruvayoor to a great pilgrimage centre too.
The
other record of 1525 AD. deals with land transactions. The describes the
Otti conditions of a few paddy fields given to the
Zamorins Minister Mangat
Achan. The fields were in the village Adoor,
which is a little north of the Headquarters of Cochin. It reveals that
Zamorins had control over the land atleast
upto the village even in 1525. It may point out
the territorial extension of the king too. There are many records in this
bundle, a few others are also written in between 1538-1560 AD. The record of
1560 mentioned by K.V. Krishna Iyyer gives the
actual date ·as 1558-59. This is the first document, which describes the
coronation ceremony of the Zamorin. The function
took place in Tirumanasseril
Kootta at Crangannore. There was a palace
by name Tirumanasseri kotta, on the banks of the
river Bharatappula.
Tirumanasseri was a feudatory of the Zamorins of Calicut. It's a
Brahmin, was the Head of the PANNIYUR namputiris,
and he was considered the protector of all Brahmins living between
Peremchelloor in the north and
Chengannoor in the south. He enjoyed
Koyma rights over thirteen temples including that
of Taliparampa. The ceremony is exhaustively
described in this document. An important point there is that the first Brahmin
who pored rice on the head of the king was a Brahmin of
Chovara namputiris. It is well known that
Zamorins were the benefactors of Panniyur and
there was a feud between these two Brahmin gramams
for a long period. The function is very important since it is the formal
inauguration of the reign with the blessings of the Brahmins conferred in the
customary way or throwing rice on the head of the king was
Varikkamancherry namputiri.
The next Brahmin was Kuttippurattu
nampoothiri. Both these Brahmins belonged to the
Chovarakur. It reveals that not only the
Chovarakkur Brahmins were invited for the
function, but also given the right to be the head of the function. It has been
observed by the scholars that Alvancheri
tanprakkal, the head of the Brahmins of Kerala
used to participate in the function. But, he was not seen present in any of
the Coronation function except once in AD 1811.
The coronation function starts after
Tirubali. The Zamorins proceeds to his private
chapel to worship the Goddess and the Cheraman
Sword. The sword is believed to be the gift of the
Cheraman Perumal to the Zamorins ancestor.
The original sword was reduced into splinters in AD. 1670, at
Cranganore, where the Zamorins was camping in the
course of a surprise attack made by the Dutch. The document, which describes
this incident, is now rediscovered. The Zamorin
has to worship this sword every day if he has no pollution. All the time of
coronation, the function of utavalanakkal .. There are a number of records describing
this ritual. The ritual is seen conducted by all the
stanies, mini and paranayars of the king.
Then the king pays his respect to the Brahmins. After
chamayam chartal or dressing for the
function he is seated on a white and black carpet.
Ariyittuvalcha is the formal inauguration of therein with the blessings
of the Brahmins.
2 Vayanattilninoru
Velicham
:
A survey report on more than 60 archaeological sites in
Wynad. Co-operative Magazine, Tirur, 1987.
3 Tom(v)ari:
A new pre-historic site of
Edakkal series, New
discovery of the site called 'Tovari'. Reported in
Indian Express, Keralakaumudi,
in. 1987.
4 A Survey of Archaeological sites in
Wayanad:
Importance of
Edakkal and Tovari. Work done on the basis
of the request of Wayanad District Collector in
December 1986.
5 Conducted a survey in Wynad on historical sites and monuments to build up a historical museum at Manantavadi, as-per the directives of the District Collector
6
Records related to survey of Gold mines in
Wynad
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